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	<title>Junior Science Reporter &#187; Living things and their habitats</title>
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	<description>Science news for children aged 7-11</description>
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		<title>Playing crocodiles</title>
		<link>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=416</link>
		<comments>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=416#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2015 17:06:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joanna Carpenter]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Living things]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Living things and their habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crocodile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crocodiles]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Next time you&#8217;re enjoying a splashabout in water, think of crocodiles. Not to keep safe &#8211; there&#8217;s little danger you&#8217;ll see any in the UK &#8211; but because it turns out that crocodiles like a good splashabout just as much as we do. We normally think of crocodiles as quite serious, but Vladimir Dinet, a research assistant professor in psychology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (USA), has spent ten years watching crocodiles. He has seen them playing about, with each other, with a river otter and people, and with wooden balls. Professor Dinet says that a man who rescued a crocodile that had been shot in the head became close friends with the animal and they played together happily every day until the crocodile died 20 years later. But, just in case you spot a crocodile in the water, don&#8217;t wait to find out if he wants to play. You don&#8217;t want to find out too late he&#8217;s hungry.]]></description>
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		<title>Sea slug: plant or animal?</title>
		<link>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=350</link>
		<comments>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=350#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2015 17:41:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joanna Carpenter]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Living things]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Living things and their habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cells]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chloroplasts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[genes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[green]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[light]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photosynthesize]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sea slug]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=350</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Researchers have discovered that the sea slug Elysia chlorotica uses genes from algae to gather energy from sunlight. Genes are instructions for how to build and maintain a body.  The sea slugs have &#8216;stolen&#8217; instructions for how to look after molecules called chloroplasts, which absorb energy from sunlight. The chloroplasts give the sea slugs additional energy to live and grow, so they have some energy even when they don&#8217;t eat. It also gives them a bright green colour.  (Sunlight is made up of all the colours of the rainbow; the chloroplasts look green because that&#8217;s the only colour they don&#8217;t absorb.) The researchers want to study the slugs some more to find out how the chloroplasts keep working for as long as up to nine months, which is longer than they work for in the algae.]]></description>
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		<title>A frog that gives birth</title>
		<link>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=217</link>
		<comments>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=217#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Jan 2015 16:32:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joanna Carpenter]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Living things]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Living things and their habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[frog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[froglet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[living]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reproduction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tadpole]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Most frogs lay eggs (frogspawn) in water that grow into tadpoles, froglets and then grown-up frogs. Now scientists have found a frog in the rainforests of Sulawesi Island, part of Indonesia, that gives birth to tadpoles! Two tadpoles, each about 10 millimeters long, shortly after birth. The newly described species Limnonectes larvaepartus is the only species of frog known to give birth to live tadpoles. Credit: Jim McGuire, UC Berkeley Jim McGuire, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley in the USA was in the rainforest and found a female frog giving birth to tadpoles. what he saw confirms what others had suspected but never seen happening. The frog, newly named Limnonectes larvaepartus (L. larvaepartus for short), was discovered a few decades ago by Indonesian researcher Djoko Iskandar, who works with Professor McGuire. Most male frogs fertilize eggs after the female lays them. About a dozen species have evolved ways to fertilize eggs inside the female&#8217;s body. Some of these deposit their fertilized eggs under rocks in streams but others give birth to froglets (miniature replicas of the adults). There are many other bizarre reproductive variations. Some frogs carry eggs in pouches on their back, brood tadpoles in their vocal [...]]]></description>
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		<title>Electric eels hunt by remote control</title>
		<link>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=140</link>
		<comments>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=140#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Dec 2014 10:24:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joanna Carpenter]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Living things and their habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Electric eel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[electric shock]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[muscles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prey]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Researchers have discovered that electric eels use electricity as a sort of remote control on the fishes&#8217; muscles. Kenneth Catania of Vanderbilt University in the USA watched some hungry eels and fish in fish tanks. When the eels saw the fish, they released pulses of electricity &#8211; up to 600 volts &#8211; and the fish froze in position, unable to escape. Professor Catania wondered how the eels `froze&#8217; the fish.  He discovered that the eel&#8217;s electric pulses send a `keep still&#8217; message to the fishes&#8217; nerves that control their muscles. They seem to copy the normal electrical pulses the fish nerves use to tell muscles what to do. The eels have two other types of pulses.  A separate zap makes nearby fish have twitchy muscles, which might help reveal hiding fish. The eels also use low-voltage pulses as a kind of sonar to sense what else might be around them in the water.]]></description>
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		<title>Life began underground</title>
		<link>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=81</link>
		<comments>http://www.juniorsciencereporter.org.uk/?p=81#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2014 12:32:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Joanna Carpenter]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Evolution and inheritance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Living things]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Living things and their habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crust]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[news]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[origins]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quartz dyke]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rocks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tectonics]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Researchers in Germany have suggested that life on Earth may have begun underground. Ulrich Schreiber and Christian Mayer at the University of Duisburg-Essen say that their theory is the first that could explain how life developed from simple chemicals to enclosed cells (that is, with `membranes&#8217; around them). It&#8217;s not known just what conditions on Earth were like billions of years ago when life began. Until now, scientists have thought about the very first steps from the formation of simple to complex molecules and suggested this might have taken place at the Earth&#8217;s surface, deep underwater in the sea, by volcanoes or in shallow ponds. They&#8217;ve even thought about life arriving on Earth from space. Ulrich Schreiber says people have overlooked the continental crust, that is, the rocks that form dry land on the continents and the relatively shallow seabed close to the shore. `This region&#8230; offers the ideal conditions for the origin of life,&#8217; Professor Schreiber says. He suggests that places where different regions (`plates&#8217;) of the earth&#8217;s crust meet can have a combination of water, carbon dioxide and other gases. These ingredients of life rise to the surface from deep underground, where the Earth is so hot that [...]]]></description>
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